Open Access Research

Effects of particulate matter on inflammatory markers in the general adult population

Dai-Hua Tsai1,2, Nadia Amyai3, Pedro Marques-Vidal1, Jia-Lin Wang2, Michael Riediker4, Vincent Mooser5, Fred Paccaud1, Gerard Waeber3, Peter Vollenweider3 and Murielle Bochud1*

Author Affiliations

1 Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, CH-1010, Lausanne, Switzerland

2 Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Jhong-Li, 32001, Taiwan

3 Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland

4 Institute for Work and Health (IST), Lausanne, Switzerland

5 Department of Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Philadelphia, PA, USA

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Particle and Fibre Toxicology 2012, 9:24 doi:10.1186/1743-8977-9-24

Published: 6 July 2012

Abstract

Background

Particulate air pollution is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Although the precise mechanisms underlying this association are still unclear, the induction of systemic inflammation following particle inhalation represents a plausible mechanistic pathway.

Methods

We used baseline data from the CoLaus Study including 6183 adult participants residing in Lausanne, Switzerland. We analyzed the association of short-term exposure to PM10 (on the day of examination visit) with continuous circulating serum levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor-necrosis-factor alpha (TNF-α) by robust linear regressions, controlling for potential confounding factors and assessing effect modification.

Results

In adjusted analyses, for every 10 μg/m3 elevation in PM10, IL-1ß increased by 0.034 (95 % confidence interval, 0.007-0.060) pg/mL, IL-6 by 0.036 (0.015-0.057) pg/mL, and TNF-α by 0.024 (0.013-0.035) pg/mL, whereas no significant association was found with hs-CRP levels.

Conclusions

Short-term exposure to PM10 was positively associated with higher levels of circulating IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF-α in the adult general population. This positive association suggests a link between air pollution and cardiovascular risk, although further studies are needed to clarify the mechanistic pathway linking PM10 to cardiovascular risk.

Keywords:
High-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP); Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β); Interleukin 6 (IL-6); Tumor-necrosis-factor alpha (TNF-α); Air pollution